Basics of Electronic Communications

What is Communication?

Communication is the process of exchange of thoughts, ideas, emotions, information, and data.  It is impossible for human beings to live without communicating with each other now day’s communication play vital role in different fields like business, education, healthcare, and government organizations military. If distance is huge then we cannot communicate directly we must use some electronic media. Examples of electronic communication systems are telegram, mobile, telephone, TV, internet, walkie- talky etc. there are different communication systems like analog communication system, digital communication system. Analog communication system further classified as continuous wave system, Digital communication system. Examples of analog communication system are AM, FM. Examples of digital communication system would be PCM, DM. satellite plays important role in today’s communication system.

 

Basic Blocks of Communication

When we send information using any media it goes through some basic blocks these are as follows

 

• Input

Input is any information we want to send to the sender it may be the digital data, voice, text, video. Usually information is in electronic form means in the form of signal.

 

• Input Transducer

We cannot transmit information as it is first we have to convert into electrical signal for example in live cricket match camera captures the footage and converts it into electrical signal and transmits to uplink of satellite.

 

• Transmitter

Transmitter transmits information to sender we have information in electric form transmitter processes signal it applies different encoding techniques to avoid errors.

 

• Medium

For any communication we need some medium for example when we speak medium is air for electronic communication we need medium too. Medium can be guided also called as wired or unguided also called as wireless. Example of wired medium is optic fibre cable, twisted pair cable etc.

 

• Noise

Noise is unwanted electrical disturbance or interference original signal. Due to noise the quality of the transmitted signal gets degraded. The noise can be natural or man-made natural noise includes physical parameters like temperature, rain etc.  Example of noise is when you listen to radio you listening some disturbing sound it is called as hiss.

 

• Receiver

The task of receiver is to receive information from channel. Information is modulated by transmitter we have to do reverse of this process called as demodulation.

 

• Output Transducer

Now we have received information its time to available these information to user cannot understand signal for example suppose our TV receiver receive signal we can to view it for that we need monitor.

 

 

Modes of Communication

 

• Simplex System

In this system information can be communicated in only one direction we can send information only we cannot receive information. Example is computer keyboard we can send data to computer using keyboard but we cannot receive.

 

• Half Duplex

These systems are bidirectional they can transmit as well as receive but not simultaneously either they can transmit or receive for example walkie- talky set.

 

• Full Duplex System

These are truly bidirectional system they can simultaneously send and receive information. For example: mobile phone.

 

• Modulation

Modulation is the process of modifying some characteristics of system they could be Amplitude, frequency and phase.

Basics of Electronic Communications